Tilia americana, commonly called american basswood or american linden, is a medium. It is native to a variety of habitats from quebec to the southeastern corner of manitoba and far eastern north dakota south to oklahoma, tennessee and north. Watson2 introduction most often seen at 40 to 50 feet in height with a spread of 35 to 40 feet, american linden or basswood is capable of reaching 80 to 100 feet or more fig. Bean noted that occasionally, enormous leaves measuring 38 cm or 15 in long by 25 cm or 10 in wide appear on thick, succulent shoots. Best growth is in the central part of the range on deep, moist soils. It is also widely cultivated in north america as a substitute for the native tilia americana american linden or basswood which has a larger leaf, coarser in. Introduction greenspire littleleaf linden grows 50 to 75 feet tall and can spread 40 to 50 feet, but is normally seen 40 to 50 feet tall with a 35 to 40footspread in most landscapes. Its a good substitute for green ash in areas where emerald ash borer is present. The tree grows in sun or partial shade, will tolerate alkaline soil if it is moist, and it transplants well. American basswood, american linden, lime tree, bee tree tiliaceae linden family synonyms. Tilia platyphyllos largeleaved lime or largeleaved linden is a species of flowering plant in the family malvaceae tiliaceae. Tilia americana or tilia europea or tilia cordata also, known as.
It is a deciduous tree, native to much of europe, including locally in southwestern great britain, growing on lime rich soils. Dirr says this attractive tree is less frequently used in landscapes in comparison to the littleleaf linden. They are usually called lime trees in europe, and linden or. Littleleaf linden tilia cordata arbor day foundation. An tilia cordata in uska species han magnoliopsida nga ginhulagway ni philip miller. Tilia cordata small leaved lime 1999, 1999, 2002, 2002, 2002, 2002 stewart r. The tree is a deciduous tree, it will be 30 40 m 99 2 ft high. See list of tilia vernacular names for more common names in other languages. Although basswood is also known as linden or lime in europe, it is commonly planted in towns and cities throughout the us as an ornamental. Tilia cordata greenspire greenspire littleleaf linden page 4 defoliation can be nearly total and mature trees can be killed by severe infestations. It has a strong pyramidal shape when young, but becomes more ovate when mature.
Tilia americana landscape plants oregon state university. Tolerant of difficult conditiions urban, pollution. Some authors consider this species to be a variety of american basswood, or tilia americana heterophylla. It also produces mannose in its nectar that may be slightly toxic. Tilia cordata smallleaved linden, is similar to american basswood, except that. Ithas a strongly pyramidal form when young but becomes more upright as it matures. This hybrid of tilia cordata and tilia mongolica was developed in manitoba, canada. The latter variety grows in the southern states, and the smooth leaved kind inhabits the united states and canada. Mature heights range from 75 to feet 2340 m with diameter ranges from 36 to 48 inches 91122 cm.
How tilia cordata is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Tilia cordata herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. It is not particularly tolerant of drought, scorching at the leaf. Tilia leaf comparison how to identify a linden tilia spp. It is the sole representative of its genus in the western hemisphere, assuming t. Tilia cordata, the littleleaf linden tree is native to europe. Many native bees and wasps do not have the enzyme to break down mannose. The american lime is botanically called tilia americana. Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family malvaceae, native to eastern north america. Native to ontario and parts of north america the common name basswood is derived from bastwood, in reference to the tough, inner bark bast which has been used to. In our country are growing two linden species, tilia tomentosa, also.
Tilia cordata is known as a common shade or specimen tree, very symmetrical in shape, pyramidal to oval in outline, densely dark green and shinyfoliaged in summer, but often overused as a street tree and prone to stressinduced leaf scorch, windthrow, and decline under difficult circumstances. Americans sometimes refer to the trees as basswood. The dried flowers are mildly sweet and sticky, and the fruit is somewhat sweet and mucilaginous. Like many wellloved trees, lindens have a host of nicknames. Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family malvaceae, native to eastern north america, from southeast manitoba east to new brunswick, southwest to northeast oklahoma, southeast to south carolina, and west along the niobrara river to cherry county, nebraska. This is not because they are related to the citrus fruits of the same name. Tilia americana the leaf is broadly ovate with an obliquely cordate base. Another wellknown species is tilia americana, also called american linden, that grows mostly in the u. Linden trees, sometimes called basswood or lime tree, are an excellent.
Names of tilia cordata in various languages of the world are also given. All of the topkilled american basswood stems sprouted stems ranged in size from 4 to 17 inches 1043 cm in diameter, producing an average of 21 sprouts per clump within 5 years of the fire 57. Tilia americana it is a large shade tree growoing 6080 feet high and half that wide. Crimean linden has glossy green leaves with perfectly toothed edges. Linden tea has a pleasing taste, due to the aromatic volatile oil found in the flowers. American basswood american linden basswood bast tree common lime limeblossom lime flowers lime tree linden linden flower spoonwood wycopy linden is a tree belonging to different species of the genus tilia, also known as lime or basswood tree. American basswood is native to the chicago area and is often used as a specimen or dense shade tree. This same family also includes trees and shrubs like the rose of sharon hibiscus syriacus, phalsa grewia subinaequalis, durian durio zibethinus, and the illawarra flame tree brachychiton acerifolius. The genus name, tilia, is the latin name for the linden or lime tree no relation to the citrus tree. Tilia cordata landscape plants oregon state university. American linden was perhaps the most commonly planted linden 25 years ago. Tilia cordata smallleaved lime, occasionally littleleaf linden or smallleaved linden is a species of tilia native to much of europe. If youre a woodcarver and have never used this wood, youre in for a real treat.
Beautiful yellow flowers, looking like fireworks, with a strong scent. Please head over to her website, where you will find all of the bands recorded music as well as her new album, no such thing as forever, release date february 21, 2020. Its heartshaped leaves and fragrant flowers in june make it especially attractive for people, while songbirds and blue jays are attracted to its seeds and use the tree for shelter. The margins have a rougher serration than that of tilia cordata. Tilia cordata it is a large shade tree that will grow to be 6070 feet high and a little over half that wide. However, if not properly pruned, it can become an overgrown mass or clump of small trees, rather that.
American linden tilia americana basswood family tiliaceae. An tilia cordata in nahilalakip ha genus nga tilia, ngan familia nga malvaceae. Tiliaceae linden family medicinal use of small leaved lime. Linden trees fall within the tilia genus and are part of the tilioideae or tiliaceae subfamily. Plant database lady bird johnson wildflower center. Jeanne appreciates all of the love and support tilia americana has received over the years. Tilia cordata firecracker firecracker littleleaf linden. Planting linden in areas with severe infestations of this pest is not recommended. Conical in its younger form, the crown becomes rounded with age. The plants database includes the following 10 species of tilia. Tilia americana, commonly called american basswood or american linden, is a medium to large deciduous tree which typically grows to 5080 infrequently to over 100 tall with an ovaterounded crown. It has been at the center of several bumble bee kills in oregon.
American basswood tilia americana illinois wildflowers. One other species that is native to southern illinois, tilia heterophylla white basswood, is very similar to american basswood, except that its leaf undersides are strongly whitened by minute hairs. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. It is found from britain through central fennoscandia, to central russia, and south to central portugal, spain, italy, greece, bulgaria, romania, turkey, the caucasus, and western asia. Yellow a strong grower with clean glossy leaves that resist the rust problems of the species. Leaves larger than cordata but smaller than americana. This basswood tilia x euchlora was created in 1860 from a genetic cross between tilia cordata and tilia dasystyla. The bark is furrowed into narrow, flattopped, firm ridges with characteristic horizontal cracks. In europe, linden species, including littleleaf linden tilia cordata and european linden tilia x euopaea, are known as lime trees. Tilia cordata the leaf is roundedovate leaf with an obliquely cordate base. This tree tends to be upright to pyramidal and has fragrant yellow flowers in midsummer.
Tree species in the tilia genus are commonly named linden, lime, or basswood in english. Lime flowers are a popular domestic remedy for a number of ailments, especially in the treatment of colds and other ailments where sweating is desirable. Tilia cordata firecracker littleleaf linden forestfarm. Nearly all of those planted in recent decades are horticultural cultivars selected for a compact pyramidal form. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in tilia cordata. In the south of its range it is restricted to high elevations. Plants profile for tilia americana american basswood.
Each leaf blade is orbicular cordate, cordate, or ovatecordate with sharply. Tilia trees can be easily identified by their leaves obliquecordate leaves 6 20 centimetres 2 8 in across and tilia species are large deciduous trees, typically reaching 20 40 metres 66 ft in height. Littleleaf linden has been widely introduced as an urban landscape tree and is far more common in those landscapes than our native american linden tilia americana, a. The tree likes sun to halfshade at the location and the soil should be sandy to loamy to strong loamy. American basswood is a stately, widespreading tree, 6080 ft. Although tilia cordata is believed to be stronger, t. Alternate, simple, ovate to cordate, 5 to 6 inches long, with serrate margins, pinnately veined, base is unequally cordate, green above and paler below. For example, the littleleaf linden tilia cordata can be 90 feet tall, with a spread of 50 feet. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Tilia americana redmond plant finder missouri botanical garden. Crimean linden has a crown with narrow upright branches which eventually twist over and descend with age to form a mushroomlike dome. Tilia microphylla, tilia parvifolia, tilia ulmifolia family.
This tree has a faster growth rate than the species and. Swedish botanist carolus linnaeus, who developed the system of binomial nomenclature, took his name from a. While botanists are unsure of the parentage of this hybrid, most attribute it to a cross between the tilia cordata and tilia dasystyla. The plants database includes the following 3 subspecies of tilia americana. American basswood tilia americana, northernmost tilia species, is a large, rapidgrowing tree of eastern and central hardwood woodlands. The crimean linden or caucasian lime tree has a short lifespan of about 20 years, however, it is not susceptible to problems caused by diseases or pests. Fire wounding of american basswood increases susceptibility.
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